Summary: Low back pain is an extremely common problem that most people experience at some point in their life. Recurrent back pain syndromes are associated with occupational, psychosocial, demographic, anthropometric and mechanical factors. The treatment of back pain syndromes requires an interdisciplinary approach. Some types of pain are controlled by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, myorelaxants, sometimes opioids. The therapeutic process also uses the neuroprotective effect and the support of the analgesic effect of B vitamins. “Red flags” in the medical history can help recognize a neoplastic process.