Summary: Diverticula, small, baggy hernias in the large intestine wall, are one of the most common abnormalities in the digestive tract. Their incidence increases with age. They may be asymptomatic or may cause various symptoms, ranging from mild abdominal pain to severe, life-threatening complications. The most common manifestation is called symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD). In Poland, diverticulitis is the most common cause of hospitalization for gastroenterological reasons. Management of the disease is chronic and consists of dietary modifications, supplementation of soluble fiber with arabinogalactan (prebiotic effect and source of endogenous short-chain fatty acids: acetic, propionic, and butyric), and cyclic, long-term therapy with eubiotics, rifaximin α.