Summary: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common clinical problem, affecting millions of people worldwide. Because of the chronic character and treatment, therapy should be based on the principle of optimization and individualization. The identification of relevant indications, the selection of minimum effective dosage and choice of the appropriate medicine could reduce persistent symptoms. Most patients could be treated with PPI (proton-pump inhibitors), while others require additional treatment in the form of prokinetics as well as preparations enhancing the protective barrier of esophageal mucosa. The aim of the article is to present the strategy of optimization and individualization of GERD treatment.