Summary: COVID-19 (from Coronavirus Disease 2019) ‒ an acute respiratory infection caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, a virus belonging to the coronavirus ssRNA group. It is the seventh known species pathogenic to humans from this group of viruses. The disease can be diagnosed based on assessment of the combination of symptoms, risk factors, and the result of a chest CT scan showing signs of pneumonia. The standard method of diagnosing the infection is a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test (rRT-PCR) made from a nasopharyngeal swab or sputum sample, which provides results over a period of several minutes to several hours depending on the technology used and the number of tests carried out simultaneously. Immunoassays are a test of a different nature that indirectly identifies the presence/contact with the SARS-CoV-2 virus by identifying, qualitatively and/or quantitatively, levels of antibodies, e.g. IgG, IgM or IgA. Immunoassays come in several varieties, differently identifying the presence and/or level of specific immunoglobulins. They can be cassette tests ‒ at the same time they only identify the presence of IgM and IgG immunoglobulins. These are tests that use sera/plasma or a drop of blood. Analyzing the above areas of molecular and immunological diagnostics, and the presence of or contact with SARS-CoV-2, one should think about what our goal is, how we can achieve it the most reliably and objectively, and then consider choosing a test and its analysis in the assessment of the tested material. We need to think carefully about when to use genetic and molecular tests.