Summary: Most patients with lower airway infections need some mucolytic treatment. The review focuses on the unique properties of these drugs. An approach involving mucolytics allows for safe and efficient mucus breakdown and removal. This reduces the length of infection and enhances patientsʼ quality of life. Many clinical studies on children and adults support this treatment. Interestingly, the only drug accessible in a nebulization solution is ambroxol hydrochloride. The review presents its unique properties and actions, including antiviral and antibacterial. The major advantage of ambroxol is the fast onset of action, efficacy and safety.