Summary: The paper recounts the symptomatology of the two most common tick-borne diseases: Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis. It discusses the possibilities of prevention, diagnosis and treatment. It underlines that while in the case of Lyme disease there are recommendations on treatment, we have no vaccination to prevent the disease. In the case of tick-borne encephalomyelitis we have an effective vaccine, FSME-IMMUN, but no antiviral treatment; we only have drugs that reduce the symptoms of the disease.