Summary: The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been increasing in recent years. The coexistence of these two disease is observed in clinical practice. Approximately 30% of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in remission meet the diagnostic criteria of irritable bowel syndrome. The IBS-like symptoms with the absence of increased inflammatory markers, indicate the need of optimized IBS treatment. This included diet and pharmacotherapy which restore the intestinal imbalance and improve the patients quality of life.