Summary: Every year a gluten-free diet is becoming more and more popular among patients, doctors and nutritionists. Its use, for example, in celiac disease is not controversial. However, in the media and in the literature, we can find more and more reports on the benefits of a gluten-free diet in other diseases such as non-celiac gluten sensitivity, Hashimoto's disease or autism. However, keep in mind that not all of these gluten-free diet uses are backed by strong evidence.