Summary: Trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia are the most common facial neuralgias. The cause of their origination most often remains unknown. Less often, the cause of pain is compression of the nerve by the vascular loop, in which case the neuralgia is considered secondary. The term "classic" neuralgia is used to refer to patients with a typical disease picture, without an established cause of pain. The term "secondary" has now been restricted to patients who have been shown to have a neuroma or similar lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging is required for differential diagnosis. Pharmacological treatment is based on antiepileptic drugs, among which carbamazepine is the most effective. Interventional treatment in the form of thermolesion, blockades and surgical treatment is reserved for patients in whom pharmacotherapy is ineffective.