Summary: Zinc oxide is a compound which has been used in medicine for over 3000 years. It has antiseptic, astringent, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action, and accelerates wound healing. The purpose of the paper is to present a literature review on the prospects of zinc oxide use and role in the therapy of skin diseases, as being among most commonly used zinc compounds. It is often employed as an ingredient of antiseptic dusting powders, liquid powders, ointments and pastes. It is said to have antiseptic, anti-pruritic, anti-inflammatory and skin drying action. Owing to the protective action of preparations which contain zinc oxide, they are used for treating such skin diseases as atopic dermatitis, diaper dermatitis, intertrigo, acne or contact lesions caused by poison ivy (Rhus toxicodendron) or chemical irritants. A literature review revealed that the application of zinc oxide in inflammatory skin condition treatment and prevention, especially in diaper dermatitis, is completely safe and does not cause adverse events. Moreover, zinc oxide is a weak irritant and reveals low toxicity when applied to the skin even in high concentrations.