Summary: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a classic chronic inflammatory skin disorder described by a complex pathophysiology and a wide spectrum of the clinical phenotypes. There are a number of important factors that contribute to the symptoms of AD, including alterations of the skin barrier, abnormalities in innate immune function, alterations of microbial colonization of skin, and increases in Th2 immune responses. According to PRACTAL we characterize various AD phenotypes and endotypes. Disease phenotype defines any observable characteristic of a disease without any implication of a mechanism whereas an endotype is a subtype of a disease condition, which is defined by a distinct pathophysiological mechanism. Effective AD therapy should quickly eliminate the symptoms of the disease, improve the quality of life of patients and prevent exacerbations. In addition, due to the chronic and recurrent course of the disease, the therapy should be characterized by good cooperation with the patient and good tolerance. In this article, we characterize the phenotypes and endotypes of AD and describe three lines of treatment for this disease.