Summary: Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne infectious disease in Poland. The disease is transmitted by ticks named Ixodes. The prevalence, about 53.7 per 100,000 in 2019, surprisingly fell to 32.6 per 100,000 in 2020. Lyme disease is a multiorgan infection with a wide range of clinical manifestations affecting the skin, joints or nervous system. The most common form of the disease is erythema migrans, which can be seen on the skin 3‒30 days after exposure. The diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and serology, but tick exposure is an important element of medical past history. The treatment is antibiotic therapy for 14‒28 days. Serious late complications can develop in some untreated cases. Important clinical manifestations include neuroborreliosis, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans and Lyme carditis. The aim of this review is to systemize the knowledge and management of the disease based on the newest guidelines.