Summary: Respiratory infections are the most common cause of medical consultations in adults and children. Their treatment and their effects constitute a significant cost to the health system, especially as they are often recurrent. In the treatment and prevention of such infections, it is worth considering the use of well-known oral immunostimulating preparations based on bacterial lysates. Their effectiveness has been confirmed in clinical trials in both children and adults, as well as in patients suffering from asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They reduce the number of infections, the duration of the disease, the number of lesions in asthma or COPD, and the use of antibiotics. They are well tolerated by patients without showing any serious side effects. This publication is an attempt to briefly summarize the available clinical and pharmacological data on oral bacterial lysates available in Poland.