Summary: Dementia is a disorder characterized by a significant decline in cognitive function. The modifiable risk factors for dementia include hypertension, obesity, diabetes, hearing impairment, smoking, depression, social isolation, less education, physical inactivity, dietary factors, alcohol abuse, sleep deprivation, head injuries, air pollution, and taking anticholinergic medications. Reducing these risk factors' impact on the population may significantly delay or prevent dementia. Pharmacologic treatment of dementia consists of cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, rivastigmine) or NMDA receptor antagonist ‒ memantine. Patients diagnosed with dementia should receive multidimensional care, including comorbidities treatment, mental health support, rehabilitation, and social care. An essential element is the support and education of their caregivers to understand the progressive nature of the disease and adapt care to the changing needs of the patient.