Summary: COVID-19 is an infectious disease induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has rapidly spread worldwide since the end of 2019, causing more than 5 million deaths to date and disrupting healthcare systems in many countries. Although predominantly affecting the respiratory system, it can progress to a multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, with acute kidney injury (AKI) being among the most common and severe complications. In the article, the incidence of AKI, the risk factors, pathogenetic considerations, autopsy and biopsy findings, and current approaches to prevention and management are discussed.