Summary: Acute orofacial pain can result from the presence of conditions occurring inside the mouth, but it can also be a consequence of their treatment. Acute pain in the oral cavity may result from disease processes of hard tissues (tooth enamel, dentine and cementum caries) or soft tissues (gingivitis and periodontitis). Acute pain in the face may also result from laryngological diseases (e.g. sinusitis) or ophthalmological diseases (conjunctivitis, corneal inflammation). Many dental interventions, such as scaling, simple extractions, routine endodontics, are likely to be associated with mild to moderate pain. Most extractions and other types of surgery, such as implant surgery, usually involve anticipated moderate pain. Severe pain can be expected with complex implants, partial or full bone impact surgery, or periodontal surgery. When choosing an analgesic for acute oral and facial pain, consideration should be given to the patient's medical history, the nature of the dental disease, the severity of pain, the patient's sensitivity to pain, previous use of analgesics, and the potential effects of surgery or other dental interventions, and the possibility of occurrence of side effects after treatment and occurrence of side effects. Various medications and combinations of medications can be considered for the treatment of acute pain in dentistry, but there is no single regimen that provides pain relief for all patients. Treatment should be selected individually. Pain severity can be predicted depending on the procedure and medications can be selected according to the expected severity of pain.