Summary: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic pain syndrome experienced as pain, burning, discomfort, dry mouth in the absence of mucosal abnormalities. Symptoms are most often located on the tongue, but they can affect anywhere in the mouth and may last for months or even years. It most often occurs in older people and in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women and negatively affects the ptients quality of life. The etiology of BMS is complex and multifactorial, but still poorly understood. Its development involves local, systemic, neurological, psychological factors and some medications. BMS is a diagnosis of exclusion. Based on the clinical picture, organic changes in the oral cavity should be excluded. Local and systemic drugs are used to treat BMS. In recent years, cognitive-behavioral therapy and the benefits of laser therapy have also been proved.