Summary: Chronic kidney disease is nowadays diagnosed in more than 10% of population in midlle-upper income countries. Anemia is a frequent complication of CKD and is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes such as mortality and morbidity and worsened quality of life. The prevalence of anemia increases in parallel with CKD progression. Iron therapy, blood transfusions, and erythropoietin stimulating agents are still the mainstay of renal anemia treatment. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on iron therapy in renal anemia.