Summary: Cow's milk protein allergy, which is one of the most common food allergies in infants and young children, represents a major challenge in both the diagnostic and therapeutic areas. In response to these challenges, the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) has published updated guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of ABMK. The purpose of this article is to present the key elements of these updated guidelines. The article aims not only to raise awareness of ABMK, but also to provide practical tools and tips that may prove helpful in daily clinical practice and in educating patients and their families.