Summary: Factors influencing the properties of the aerosol cloud, pulmonary deposition and clinical effectiveness of drugs used by nebulization are discussed. Attention was paid to the huge variety of nebulization equipment, including mesh nebulizares. The indications for the use of corticosteroids (CS) in nebulization in the treatment of respiratory diseases in children and adults were reiterated. A comparative analysis of various CS available in the nebulization formulation was made. Attention was paid to the elements determining the clinical effectiveness of nebulized CS such as the drug, inhaler (nebulizer) and the patient. The necessity of using the electronic dose calculator in calculating the effective dose of CS in nebulisation was emphasized.