Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchial asthma are two common diseases in which the basic and characteristic element is impaired airway flow. β2-Adrenoreceptor agonists and cholinolytic drugs work through two separate pathways to achieve the same goal: bronchodilation. They are both used in asthma and COPD according to current GINA and GOLD guidelines. Indacaterol is a strong β2-agonist that causes rapid and long-lasting relaxation of the airways muscle. Glycopyrronium is a cholinolytic agent with high affinity for the M3 receptor and relatively low for M2. Glycopyrronium causes long-lasting blockade of the M3 receptor, while it quickly dissociates from the M2 receptor relaxing smooth muscle lasting about 24 hours. The combination of indacaterol and glycopyrronium in one inhaler allowed to obtain a drug with a long, over 24-hour, multidimensional effect and a fast bronchodilatation effect. Such treatment offers many opportunities to improve the quality of life and reduce symptoms in patients with COPD, reduce the risk of exacerbations and improve exercise tolerance due to the reduction of pulmonary hyperinflation, and has a positive effect on the cardiovascular system, reducing cardiovascular-related deaths and morbidity. In this review we have described the state of the art in knowledge on double bronchodilation treatment derived from one inhaler.