Summary: The occurrence of diverticula in the large intestine is a disease of civilization. It occurs almost exclusively in developed countries and is practically unknown in developing countries. It is believed that one of the possible causes is a diet low in fiber, which results in changes in the wall of the large intestine (except for the rectum, where diverticula do not occur). It creates pseudodiverticula – bulges in the wall of the large intestine directed outward. The asymptomatic occurrence of diverticula is called diverticulosis of the large intestine. Symptoms occur in about 20-30% of patients, called diverticulosis of the large intestine. The incidence of diverticula is higher in men and increases with age. In people over 70, diverticula are more common in women. In the case of diverticula in the large intestine, it is essential to sensitize the patient to the importance of lifestyle modification. Quitting smoking, a diet rich in soluble fiber, reduced consumption of red meat, regular physical activity, and a healthy body weight. Obesity, especially abdominal obesity, promotes the occurrence of diverticulosis. Diverticular disease of the large intestine does not require pharmacological treatment. In the case of diverticular disease of the large intestine, antispasmodic and analgesic drugs are also recommended in addition to lifestyle modification recommendations. In the case of acute diverticulitis, whether the patient needs to stay in the hospital and receive antibiotics should be considered. It is justified, for example, in cases with a severe course. Some patients with a severe course, complicated by, for example, the occurrence of a fistula or abscess, will require surgical consultation. Cyclical use of rifaximin is recommended to prevent relapses - the number of treatment cycles depends on the given clinical situation and the patient.