Summary: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease whose incidence in the pediatric population has been steadily increasing, constituting a significant clinical and public health challenge. The aim of this paper is to present current issues related to the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of Crohn’s disease in children, based on current guidelines. The disease develops as a result of a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors, as well as disturbances of the gut microbiome and the intestinal barrier, leading to chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The most common symptoms include abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and growth and pubertal delay. Diagnosis is based on clinical assessment, laboratory tests using inflammatory biomarkers, and endoscopic examinations with histopathological evaluation. Treatment is aimed at achieving and maintaining remission, preventing complications, and improving patients’ quality of life, and includes nutritional interventions, pharmacological therapy, and biologic therapies. Early initiation of effective treatment is crucial for long-term outcomes in children with Crohn’s disease.