Summary: Chronic/recurrent abdominal pain is a common problem in children, and can be caused by both organic diseases and functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract presenting with abdominal pain. According to the definition adopted in the Fourth Rome Criteria (2016), chronic abdominal pain is defined as “prolonged, intermittent or constant abdominal pain of organic or functional etiology”. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are a group of conditions without a clear organic background (anatomical/structural, metabolic, infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic), classified on the basis of symptoms whose onset and sensation are dependent on any combination of disorders involving: gastrointestinal motility, visceral sensation, intestinal barrier, mucosal immune function, microbiota and/or CNS processing. Introduced in the 2016 Fourth Rome Classification, the term disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), in place of FGID, better reflects the pathomechanism of functional complaints, emphasizing the importance of central mechanisms, both in pathogenesis and therapy. FGID with abdominal pain in children (FAPDs) include functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal migraine and nonspecific functional abdominal pain. Abdominal pain can also accompany other categories of pediatric functional disorders, such as constipation, infantile colic, and dyschezia. In the differential diagnosis of chronic abdominal pain in children, so-called alarm symptoms are used, the presence of which significantly increases the risk of an organic basis (these include chronic diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding, weight loss, growth disorders and perianal lesions, among others). Non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions are used to treat FGID.