Summary: Hormones produced by adipose tissue, such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, ghrelin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), have a significant impact on metabolism and health. Changes in their secretion may play a key role in the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Obesity is often associated with leptin resistance, which leads to impaired mechanisms regulating appetite and calorie burning. Obesity treatment may require modification of leptin levels, which improves weight control. Additionally, adiponectin, which has anti-inflammatory effects and improves insulin sensitivity, may support obesity therapy by improving metabolic functions. In type 2 diabetes, disorders in the functioning of adipose tissue hormones, especially leptin and adiponectin, contribute to insulin resistance. Treatment that improves the levels of these hormones may increase tissue sensitivity to insulin, which promotes better glycemic control. Cardiovascular disease is also associated with abnormal hormone secretion from adipose tissue. Adiponectin, by acting protectively on blood vessels, reduces the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease, while leptin in excess can promote inflammation and lead to the development of cardiovascular disease. In summary, regulation of adipose tissue hormones is a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, especially in the context of improving insulin resistance, reducing inflammation and improving blood vessel health.