Summary: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most commonly used drugs in the world, both in the self-treatment of minor complaints and colds, the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases, chronic pain, as well as in the treatment of acute postoperative and post-traumatic pain. Due to their mechanism of action by blocking the activity of cyclooxygenases COX 1 and COX 2, are effective in pain with inflammatory and receptor components, but will not be effective in neuropathic and nociplastic pain. The choice of NSAIDs in clinical practice should be based on the type of pain, patients' profile, pharmacokinetic properties of the drug, safety profile, risk of drug-drug interactions with concomitantly used drugs and drug formulation. It is also crucial to monitor the patients in terms of the effectiveness and safety of NSAIDs during therapy, adherence to dosage recommendations and not exceeding maximum doses of drugs, taking into account the ceiling effect of NSAIDs for analgesia, but not for side effects, and the optimal duration of therapy depending on the pain syndrome.